XOLAIR® (Omalizumab) is primarily indicated for two major conditions: severe persistent allergic asthma and chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). It is prescribed for patients whose symptoms are inadequately controlled with standard treatments such as inhaled corticosteroids and antihistamines. XOLAIR® works by selectively binding to IgE, reducing the severity of allergic reactions.
- Severe Persistent Allergic Asthma: For patients aged 6 years and older with a positive skin test or in vitro reactivity to a perennial aeroallergen.
- Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria (CSU): For patients aged 12 years and older who remain symptomatic despite antihistamine treatment.
XOLAIR® Ingredients
XOLAIR® contains Omalizumab as its active ingredient, a recombinant DNA-derived humanized monoclonal antibody that specifically binds to immunoglobulin E (IgE). The formulation is designed to target and reduce the levels of free IgE, thereby mitigating allergic responses. The inactive ingredients are carefully chosen to stabilize the formulation and ensure its efficacy.
- Active Ingredient: Omalizumab (humanized monoclonal antibody)
- Inactive Ingredients: Sucrose, histidine, polysorbate 20, water for injections (in the solvent)
XOLAIR® Side Effects
While XOLAIR® is generally well-tolerated, patients may experience certain side effects. These can range from mild to severe and should be monitored closely. Common side effects include injection site reactions and upper respiratory infections. However, serious adverse effects like anaphylaxis, thrombocytopenia, and malignancies, though rare, have been reported.
- Common Side Effects:
- Injection site reactions (pain, swelling, redness, itching)
- Upper respiratory tract infections
- Headache
- Gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting)
- Musculoskeletal pain
- Dizziness and fatigue
- Serious Side Effects:
- Anaphylaxis
- Thrombocytopenia
- Parasitic infections
- Malignancies
XOLAIR® Method of Administration
XOLAIR® is administered via subcutaneous injection, typically in a clinical setting to ensure patient safety. The dosage and frequency are determined based on the patient’s weight and baseline IgE levels for asthma, or as a fixed dose for chronic spontaneous urticaria. Proper reconstitution and administration techniques are crucial for the efficacy of the treatment.
- Preparation:
- Reconstitute the lyophilized powder with sterile water for injection.
- Ensure the solution is clear and free of particulates before administration.
- Injection Sites:
- Recommended sites include the upper arm, thigh, or abdomen.
- Rotate injection sites to avoid local irritation.
- Post-Injection:
- Observe the patient for at least 2 hours after the first three injections (30 minutes for subsequent doses).
- Educate patients on recognizing and responding to signs of anaphylaxis.